Hiperlipoproteinemia: Signs, Symptoms and Handling Actions

Hiperlipoproteinemia is a hereditary disorder characterized by an increase in plasma concentrations of lipoproteins or more. Hiperlipoproteinemia can also accompany other conditions, such as diabetes, pancreatitis, hypothyroidism, and renal disease. This disorder attacks the transport of lipids in the serum and cause a variety of clinical change, from relatively mild symptoms which can be corrected by setting up food potentially fatal pancreatitis.

Hiperlipoproteinemia appeared in five different metabolic disorders. Type I and III delivered as an autosomal recessive trait, whereas type II, IV, and V delivered as an autosomal dominant trait.

Signs and Symptoms of Hiperlipoproteinemia

Hiperlipoproteinemia Type I

• Spasma abdominal, rigidity, or tenderness that arise and disappear

• anorexia

• fever

• Hepatosplenomegaly with softening in the liver or spleen

• Lipemia retinalis (reddish white retinal vessels)

• Unwell

• Xantoma papular or eruptive (cutaneous fat deposition in yellow pink) at a point that is pressed and extensor surfaces

• Recurrent attacks of severe abdominal pain resembling pancreatitis usually preceded by the entry of fat into the body. 

Hiperlipoproteinemia Type II

• Accelerated atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (coronary artery disease, CAD) premature

• Juvenile corneal arch (opaque ring surrounding the corneal periphery)

• recurrent polyarthritis

• Xantoma tendinosa (solid clot) in the achilles tendon and tendons in the hands and lower legs

• tenosynovitis

• Xantoma tuberose

• Xantelasma 

Hiperlipoproteinemia Type III

• Xantoma palmar in hand, especially the tip of your fingers

• Peripheral vascular disease manifested by claudication or xantoma tuberoeruptif (soft lesions, inflamed and pedunkular) on elbows and knees

• Aterosklarosis premature

Hiperlipoproteinemia Type IV

• Diabetes

• Hypertension

• Obesity

• Predisposition to atherosclerosis and CAD

Hiperlipoproteinemia Type V

• Abdominal pain

• Xantoma eruptive on the extensor surfaces of the arms and legs

• Hepatosplenomegaly

• Lipemia retinalis

• Pancreatitis

• Peripheral neuropathy 

Handling Actions

• Handle all fundamental problems such as diabetes

• Patients with type II, III and IV without having to respond to fundamental issues of food regulation

• Drug therapy

Type I

• Perform long-term weight loss and limit fat intake to less than 20 g / day. Medium chain triglyceride diet of 20 to 40 g / day may be given as a supplement caloric intake

• Avoid foods and alcoholic beverages to lower plasma triglycerides

Type II

• Settings foods restore normal lipid levels and reduce the risk of atherosclerosis

• Food should be rich in polyunsaturated fatty

• Atorvastatin (Lipitor) and fenofibrate (Tricor) can help reduce levels in combination with diet therapy

Type III

• Settings include limiting food intake of cholesterol to less than 300 mg / day

• Clofibrate, niacin and atorvastatin is used to lower blood lipid levels

• Losing weight can be useful

Type IV

• Losing weight can normalize blood lipid levels without additional handling

• Setting long-term food such as by limiting the intake of cholesterol, polyunsaturated fatty adds and avoiding foods and alcoholic beverages

• Clofibrate, atorvastatin, fenofibrate, and niacin can reduce plasma lipid levels

Type V

• Handling among others to lose weight and maintain a low-fat diet

• Food and alcoholic beverages should be avoided

• Niacin, clofibrate, gemfirozil, and food chain triglicerida medium 20 to 40 g / day may prove useful.