Hyperaldosteronism also known as aldosteronism, mineralocorticoid aldosterone hypersecretion by the adrenal cortex causing sodium and water absorption in excess and potassium excretion by the kidneys is excessive. Incidence of Primary Hyperaldosteronism three times higher in women than men and is highest between the ages of 30 and 50 years.
If hypokalemia occurs in hypertensive patients soon after the start of treatment with diuretics waster potassium (eg thiazides), and if hypokalemia is still there after no longer used diuretics and potassium replacement therapy has begun, patients require evaluation hyperaldosteronism.
Cause of Hyperaldosteronism
Primary Hyperaldosteronism
- Benign adrenal adenoma producing aldosterone (general)
- Bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (not common)
- Adrenal carcinoma (rare)
- Locorice entry of black English or substance that resembles the body excessively, causing a similar syndrome caused by mineralocorticoid action of acid glycyrrbizic
Secondary Hyperaldosteronism
- Extra-adrenal abnormality that causes stimulation of the adrenal glands, resulting in increased production aldesteron
- Nephrotic syndrome, hepatic cirrhosis and heart failure accompanied askites (generally trigger edema), and nephritis barrter syndrome that causes loss of salt (do not trigger edema)
- Wilms tumor, hormonal contraceptives and pregnancy (a condition that triggers hypertension via increased production of renin)
Signs and Symptoms of Hyperaldosteronism
- Azotemia
- Weary
- Headache
- Hypertension
- Hypokalemia
- Intermittent paralysis and vague
- Muscle weakness
- Neuromuscular irritability
- Paresthesias
- Polydipsia
- Polyuria
- Glucose control in diabetic patients who deteriorate
Handling Actions
- Unilateral adrenalectomy is required for aldosterone-producing adenoma.
- Handling should also correct the cause (secondary hyperaldosteronism).
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